As we brace ourselves for another long winter in New England, it’s important to understand the risks of consistent low temperatures, especially when managing respiratory conditions. According to Dr. Bashar Chihada Alhariri, MD, FCCP, cold air can restrict the airways, causing shortness of breath.
“Dry air can cause wheezing, coughing, which is especially problematic for people with chronic lung disease like asthma or COPD,” Dr. Alhariri said. “Plus, it can increase the mucus production when the cold air enters the nose, it can cause the vessels in our nose to expand and stimulate more mucus production.”
According to a study by the Clinical and Translations Allergy Journal, “When temps drop quickly without any gradual adaptation, even for changes as low as 2°–3°, but especially for changes greater than 5°, there are possible negative consequences on their respiratory system and the patient is at risk of severe exacerbation of the symptoms of their asthma and COPD).”
Tips To Breathe Easier
Wisconsin- based Pulmonologist Aryan Shiari, M.D. recommends the following tips this winter:
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Breathe in through your nose and exhale through your mouth.
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Wear a ski mask or scarf to wrap around your nose and mouth.These items can trap some of the heat and moisture from your breath.
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Avoid exercising outside.
Dr. Alhariri shared similar sentiments, adding, ”Avoid smoking environments, make sure it's very good ventilation inside our houses, or places where we live and make sure you stay away from the irritants, including secondhand tobacco, which will exacerbate your pulmonary symptoms.”
If you have chronic lung conditions
For those with chronic lung conditions like asthma or COPD, it’s important to take extra precautions.
“I always tell my patients, follow your doctor's advice, and ensure you take all the inhalers or prescribed medication routinely, especially before going outdoors,” Dr. Alhariri said. "Keep yourself warm, dress in layers, especially if you're planning on spending a long time outdoor during the cold month's weather and obviously breathe through your nose."
Pay attention to any changes in your symptoms and consult with your doctor if needed. “If any signs of trouble breathing, then go inside, and then if persistent, notify your medical provider.”
Flu & Viruses
While these recommendations are great for day to day habits in the winter, remember to stay on top of your vaccinations, staying away from family and friends who are sick and having proper diet and water intake at home.
Small changes like these can make significant changes in your respiratory health this winter.